碳烟中体积分数,初级粒径检测方案(烟气分析仪)

LIl Sampling Raw ExhaustSoot mass concentration (mg/m3) vs. time (s) Assessment of a Laser-Induced IncandescenceSensor for Real-Time Particulate Emissions Measurement Motivation - Support increased technical productivity by developingprocess technology to more effectively and efficientlyestimate concentrations of particulate matter (PM) inDiesel engine exhaust -TThis will enable the further development of emissionscompliant engine products ·Develop efficient and effective soot management anddosing strategy for DPF’s (diesel particulate filters) Develop effective engine calibrations for reducing PMlevels at different engine conditions Facilitate further development of emissionscompliant engine products LII Development For Soot EmissionsCharacterization Background - Currently“Gravimetric PM Sampling System" isused to measure PM， which is not real-time - Laser Induced Incandescence (LII) is a real time，non-intrusive soot measurement techniques forrapid characterization of diesel particulateemissions - The Lll method has the advantage of being able tosample and report particulate emissions fromeither the direct exhaust or from a dilution tunnelfacility LII Development and Evaluation ·PArtium LII-200 Instrument -LIl technique evaluated was developed andpatented by NRC Canada - Artium Technologies Inc. commercialized LII-200-LII-200 has 4 sub-systems： ’Lll power supply Gas Flow Controler ·Lll Sensor Head · On-board computer withAIMS software (AdvancedInstrument ManagementSystem) LIl Advantages and Features - Measures real-time soot concentration (ppb & mg/m3) - Sample dilution not required， can be used to estimatesoot volume fraction (SVF) in raw exhaust Insensitive to presence of other emission particulate or gasspecies Data recording frequency： 1-20 Hz and connectivity withhost data acquisition system Ease of operation， portable to transport and maintenancefree working Absolute intensity calibration ●· High resolution (0.01mg/m3)and high repeatability (2-5%) Lll Development and Evaluation Approach - In the present investigation， the Lll instrumentwas evaluated extensively at the ConstantVolume Sampling (CVS) emission laboratory atthe Cummins Technical Center， where aCummins'standard gravimetric PM measurementsystem is available as a comparative standard-Collaborative efforts between Cummins Inc. andArtium Technologies， Inc. are ongoing with the...goal of advancing the Lll capability for measuringreal time soot at pre- and post DPF locations attransient and steady state engine operatingconditions Example Data from the Artium LII 200 Instrument Example Data from the Artium LII 200 Instrument Five-mode steady-state tests with 3 repeats Example Data from the Artium LIl 200 Instrument File Edit ExportAcquisitionViews Scripts Help Data Acquisition Stopped Data summary [Top- validated particle size (counts vs. size)； Below- validatedmass concentration histogram (counts vs. mg/m3)] Transient Response to Engine Soot Emissions File EditExport AcquisitionViews5ScriptHselp LIl transient test response， hot FTP cycle (20 min.) Repeated Transient Cycles FileEdititExportAcquisitionViewsScripts Help Five repeats of LIl transient test response， hot FTP cycle (20 min.I Transient Cycle Data 5 repeats ofLIl response vs. speed and torque for transient tests， hot FTP cycle (20 min.)，Coefficient of Variance (COV) of4%. Comparisons to Gravimetric Sampling Red-Total CVS PM Emissions from Gravimetric Green-Volatiles and other material extracted leaving only dry sootLIl measures only dry soot Lll Sampling Dilute Exhaust CVS Dry PM (g) At high load， in both diluted and raw exhausts， Lll measures about 95%of Dry PM from diluted exhaust measured by the Cummins Gravimetricmethod Summary ●DLil current status： - The Lll technique is capable of monitoring PM emissions byestimating soot concentration and primary particle size -TThe currently implemented improvements to the LIl resulted inrepeatable measurements of soot volume fraction from the Lll witha short term Coefficient of Variation (COV) of 3-7% for steady statecycles and a COV of 3-5% for FTP transient cycles for the equivalentgravimetric PM level ranging from 0.01 to 1.00 g/bhp-hr - The correlation between time-integrated Lll signals and thestandard gravimetric PM measurement system was found to berobust with a correlation regression coefficient ranging from 96%-99.8% Summary -Lll has been tested for Steady States，Transients， Raw Exhaust， PM Trap-out-Lll reported similar readings compared to DryPM measured using Cummins gravimetricmethod at higher load conditions， and muchlowerto about 0.9 to 1.2 times at low loadconditions-LII-200 has shown readiness for Prime Testing