高效液相色谱法测定生物柴油和柴油中的脂肪酸甲酯（FAME）和甘油三酯

柴油是由石油制的，一种天然资源。柴油的燃烧产生的二氧化碳被认为是导致全球变暖的原因之一。然而，植物油是通过光合作用产生的，在光合作用中消耗大气中的二氧化碳。生物柴油是由各种植物材料生产的植物油通过植物油中所含甘油三酯的反酯化作用制成脂肪酸甲酯（FAME）。因此，植物通过光合作用重新吸收柴油发动机中生物柴油燃烧产生的二氧化碳，抵消植物材料消耗的二氧化碳量：这称为碳中和。因此，现在对燃料中脂肪酸甲酯和甘油三酯的测定越来越感兴趣。JASCO按照本标准方法测定了柴油与生物柴油混合时的脂肪酸甲酯和甘油三酯含量。使用JASCO HPLC 2000系列模块化组件进行测量。该系统包括一个PU-2080泵、一个DG-2080-53除气器、一个CO-2060柱温箱、一个AS-2057自动进样器、一个RI-2031折射率检测器和ChromNAV色谱数据站软件。将5.0 g硬脂酸甲酯和0.05 g三叶烯醇溶解在柴油中，使其体积为50 mL。然后用柴油稀释原液，制备标准溶液。Application Note Determination of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester and Triglyceridein Mixture of Biodiesel Fuel and Diesel Fuel2/3Application Note Determination of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester and Triglyceride in Mixture of Biodiesel Fuel and Diesel Fuel In t roduct i on D i es e l fuel is made fr o m p e trol eu m， a nat ur a l reso u rce .T h e co m bustio n of diesel oil p roduces ca r bo n d i ox i d e wh i ch is conside r ed t o be one of t h e ca u ses of globa l war m ing . Pla nt oil s ， howeve r， are pr o duced by p h o t osy n t h es i s i n w hi ch atm o spheri c c arbo n d i ox i d e i s c o n s u m ed .B io di e s e l is m ade f rom v e get abl e o i l pr oduced f ro m vario us pl ant mat er i a ls int o f a t t y aci d m e th yl est ers (FA M E) b y tr a ns -e s t eri fi catio n of t he tr iglyce ri d e s co nt ained in the v ege ta bl e oils. Therefo r e ， ca r b on dioxide exhausted from the combus ti on of bi odiese l in a diesel eng i ne i s reabsorbed by pla nt s th ro u gh pho t osynthesis， of f set t ing t he a m ount o f car b on dioxide co nsu me d by the pl ant m a t eria l ： thi s is cal l e d ca r bo n ne utr a lity . As a res ult ， d et er m i natio n of fa t ty acid m et hy l est er s and tr iglyc eri d es in fuel i s no w of i nc re as e d int e r e st. I n J apan， th e m e asurem ent method fo r d et er m i na t i on o f fatty acid me th y l es t ers and triglyce r ides was promulgated i n O f fi cia l Gazette N o .78 of the M ini stry of E co no my， T r ade a nd I n dustry， i ssued o n t h e 22nd of Ma rch， 2007. JASC O has dete r mined the fat t y ac id m e thyl este r s a n d t ri g l yceri de s c o nt ent in d i esel f u el mix e d wi t h bio di e s el in a cco r danc e with t his st a nd ar d m e tho d . 28600 Ma r y's C our t ， E a s ton ， M D 21601 U SA JASCO HPLC 2000 se r ies modula r co m pone n t s were used f or this measuremen t . The sys t em co n s i s t s of a PU-2080 pu mp ， a DG-2080-53 d e gasser ， a CO-2060 col u mn oven， an AS-2057 autosample r ，a R I -2031 r efract i ve i nd e x det e c t or， and t he C h rom N AV c h r om atog r a p h y data s t at i on software. T he s t oc k so l u t io n was p repared by disso l ving 5.0 g of m e th yl s t eara t e and 0.05 g o f t rili n o le in i n d i ese l oi l to ma k e up a volume of 50 m L. T h e standard sol u t io n s were t hen p repared by dilut i ng t h e stock so l u ti on with diesel f uel. Re sul t s a n d Dis cu ssi o n Figure 1 is a chromatog r am obtained by injecting 5 p L of the 10X diluted stoc k solutio n . Reso l ution between t h e me thy l stearate (peak 2) and t r i l i no l ei n (p eak 3) was calculated to b e 5.7， whereas t h e Off i cia l G azette's r equ i r ement fo r the r es o lutio n i s 3.0， well exceed i ng t h e es t a b l i s h ed cr i ter i a. I n o rd e r t o exam i ne the q u a n titat i ve p re c isio n， 5 uL of t h e s t ock s o lutio n and th e sta n da r d solu t io n s wi t h var i ous conc e ntrat i ons w ere i nj e c t e d and th e obtai n ed p e a k areas we r e p l o t t e d ag a i n s t the conc e ntrat i ons of t h e sta n da r d so l ut io ns . Resul t s s ho wed t h a t the coef fi ci e n t s of cor re latio n fo r m e t h yl s t earate was r2=1.0000 i n t he ra ng e of 1-100 m g/mL a n d fo r t r i li nolei n was r2=0.9999 i n t h e r a n ge o f 0.01-1 mg/mL，respectively. F i g u re 2 dem o nstrates t he chromatog r a m obta in ed by i nj ect i ng 5 pL of a mixture of b iodiesel and d iesel f uel (5/95). Peak 2， co r respo nd ing t o fa t ty acid me t hyl esters， was qua n t i f ied to be 48.99 mg /m L in terms of m e t h yl s t ea r ate. N o peak corres p ond ing to tr iglyc er i de s wa s o bserve d . These r esul t s m e et t he Of fi cia l Gaze t t e 's r e q ui rements f or the c o nte n ts of fat t y aci d met hyl e st er s and t r i glyc e r i des： l e ss t ha n 5.0%(w/v)a n d l ess th a n 0.01%(w /v)， r es p e ctively. Figu r e 1： C h r o m a t og r a m of s t a n dard m i x tu r e Peaks： 1= d i esel oi l； 2= me t h y l s t eara t e(10 mg/m L) ； 3 = tr i li no l ei n (0.1 m g /mL) Co n di ti ons：column = Fi n e pa k SIL-5 (4.6 mm x250m m)； mo b i l e phase= 2-p r op a no l/n-he xan e (0.4/99.6)；flow r ate = 1.0 mL/m i n； column te m pe rat u r e =40℃； i n jec t i on volume =5 p L