• Geno ApplicationNoteSP017(GG Basil DNA Extraction a comparative study) 分解(Lysis)时间和其他变数对于新鲜罗勒的DNA萃取的影响 A study was performed to discover what Geno/Grinder® processing variables significantly increased or decreased the yields of genomic DNA. Variables investigated included homogenization time and speed, while buffers, grinding media and tubes were constant. Comparison was done against another commercially available, cell lysing machine. In this experiment it was discovered that homogenization times of 90 seconds in the Geno/Grinder® at a speed of 2000 produces the best results. Conclusions If one chooses a method for processing fresh basil based solely on this experiment, the best choice would be 90 seconds in the Geno/Grinder® at a speed of 2000 RPM. We did not believe that an additional 30 seconds of processing time offered any benefit. It still may be possible to optimize the Geno/Grinder® at lower processing times (40-60 sec.) by changing the grinding media

Geno AN SP013 (GG Perchloric Acid Extraction of Leaves for Measurement of Starch and Soluble Metabo) 用高氯酸萃取叶片來测量淀粉和可溶性代谢产物 Perchloric Acid Extraction of Leaves for Measurement of Starch and Soluble Metabolites With kind permission of Dr Marilyn Pike from The John Innes Centre, Department of Metabolic Biology

Geno AN SP014 (GG RNA Cryoblock Aspergillus parasiticus mycellium) 从寄生曲霉菌丝中萃取RNA RNA Extraction from Aspergillus parasiticus mycelium With kind permission of J.R. Wilkinson and R. Shivaji, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mississippi State University, P.O. Box 9650, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA Introduction Recent genomic efforts on toxigenic and nontoxigenic Aspergillus species have advanced our understanding of the biology and genetics of these filamentous fungi. However, it is clear that these complex experiments suffer greatly from the variability in the quality of RNA between each replicate and it is critical to establish a platform to isolate high quality RNA for use in both microarray and qRT-PCR. In that context we describe here RNA isolation of A. parasiticus during a simple carbohydrate shif Conclusion Though several environmental factors can affect the final quality of RNA, which directly affects both microarray and real time experiments, we demonstrate here a highly reliable methodology capable of isolating high quality RNA from small quantities of fungal mycelium. This protocol allows simultaneous processing of large numbers of samples, thus demonstrating the suitability of the Geno/Grinder for high throughput processing of fungal mycelium.

Geno AN SP016 (GG DNA from rice seed) 快速水稻种子的DNA萃取法 Introduction DNA extractions can be a very time consuming and tedious process. Finding a quick method in which DNA could be extracted and used for PCR is essential. Described below is a quick “dirty” method that produces a high enough concentration of DNA that can be used for PCR. Conclusion The method described above is sufficient for PCR and it takes less time than the standard chloroform extraction. Total time ranges from one to two hours.

• Geno ApplicationnoteSP018 Geno High thru put yeast disruption in a 96-Well Format GENO 96孔格式高通量破坏酵母 Results and Discussion The efficiency of yeast disruption is dependent upon the size of the glass beads and the duration of the grinding. Figures 1-3 demonstrate the efficiency of cell disruption with 425-600 mesh glass beads at 5 and 10 minutes. Lower mesh glass beads were less effective in cracking cells with the 106 mesh beads being particularly ineffective. It is concluded that 425-600 mesh glass beads are most suited for disrupting Saccharomyces. The design of the Geno/Grinder is also believed to be a factor in the disruption process. Standard bead mills adapted to microwell plates are modeled after "paint shakers" and move the plates in a "figure eight" motion. This motion is not believed to lead to uniform cell disruption. The Geno/Grinder is designed to effectively disrupt cellular materials by oscillating the plate vertically. This motion allows glass beads to impact the cells more directly than standard mills where beads impact the well walls in addition to the cells.

• Geno AN SP021 RNA, cDNA Extraction of Fresh Tissue Geno 2000 从组织萃取RNA / cDNA和基因组DNA及实时PCR Leutenegger, C.M.. The real-time TaqMan PCR and applications in Veterinary Medicine. Veterinary Sciences Tomorrow, Online Journal, Jan 1, 2001.

• Geno AN SP022 Pesticide Residue Analysis - The Benefits of the Geno/Grinder® High- Throughput Tissue Homogenizer to Increase Sample Throughput for Pesticide Residue Analysis by LC/MS/MS 采用高通量GENO2000来增快LC/MS/MS残留农药分析之前处理的好处 APPLICATION NOTE Application Note SP22 Apparatus: 2000 Geno/Grinder® The Benefits of the Geno/Grinder® High- Throughput Tissue Homogenizer to Increase Sample Throughput for Pesticide Residue Analysis by LC/MS/MS Joseph McClory, E. I. DuPont de Numours and Co., Inc. Keith Tucker, SPEX SamplePrep, LLC Robert Thomas, Scientific Solutions Summary The high-throughput analysis of pesticides has been hindered by the slow and laborious sample preparation stage. Using traditional clean-up procedures, over twenty steps are required to get the sample in a convenient form for analysis, which limits sample throughput to typically 8 samples per day. This study evaluates a new approach using an innovative laboratory tissue homogenizer, to extract various pesticide residues from different kinds of plant materials and to identify and quantitate the active ingredients by LC/MS/MS. It shows that by automating the sample preparation procedure, the number of clean-up steps can be significantly reduced, resulting in an increased sample throughput over traditional approach

• Geno 2000 GenoGrinder Rate Conversion Chart 换算图

• Geno CWGFTIR geno 2000 Purdue University 红外光谱数据分析教程- 普渡大学 University of Connecticut University of Florida Purdue University The University of Wisconsin Madison NREL Supported by the NSF Plant Genome Research and REU Programs FTIR data analysis tutorial We are establishing infrared “spectrotypes” in cell wall mutants. Spectrotypes are spectroscopic phenotypes, i.e. the spectral differences between mutant and wild type populations. This tutorial will: Give some background information on how we prepare and collect data on mutants (See Techniques VII at: http://cellwall.genomics.purdue.edu/techniques/7.html for more details) Show how we analyze the data collected by Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and digital subtraction Give some example spectral peaks that indicate differences in cell wall composition between mutants and wildtype

• Geno Quechers process pesticides- Validation of a Simple and Rapid Multiresidue Method (QuEChERS) and its Implementation in Routine Pesticide Analysis 验证一个简单而快速多重方法（ QuEChERS ）及其实施常规农药分析 Validation of a Simple and Rapid Multiresidue Method (QuEChERS) and its Implementation in Routine Pesticide Analysis Michelangelo Anastassiades, Ellen Scherbaum and Dorothea Bertsch Chemisches und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt Stuttgart, Schaflandstrasse 3/2, 70736 Fellbach Poster presented at the MGPR Symposium (May 2003, Aix en Provence, France) CONTENTS Introduction Mini-Multiresidue-Method (QuEChERS) Validation studies Solvent consumption Conclusions Reference INTRODUCTION Many pesticide multiresidue methods (MRMs) used are complicated, laborious, time consuming, require high amounts of solvents and are therefore expensive.

• Geno 2000 Grinder 在测试食品残留农药的样品处理应用 SPEX GENO最新应用-美国环保署USEPA和食品药物管理局USFDA LC/MS/MS测试食品残留农药样品处理（食品安全技术突破） 食品安全技术突破

• 样品的酸解和微波消解会带来溶剂的污染导致误差，而且制备样品需要的时间长、操作复杂，要求高、越来越多的用户倾向于固体样品的制备，以下是固体样品制备技术的比较。

• 美国消费者产品安全委员会实验室科学局化学部 最新法规2009年2月1日公告 法规测试方法：CPSC-CH-E1002-08 测试非金属儿童产品的铅含量之标准作业程序 Total Lead in Ceramics, Glass and Crystal and other Siliceous Materials – Digestion 陶瓷，玻璃和水晶和其他硅质原料的总铅测定-酸解

• 美国消费者产品安全委员会实验室科学局化学部 法规测试方法：CPSC-CH-C1001-09.1 测定邻苯二甲酸的标准作业程序* 最新法规2009年3月3日公告 请下载详细法规 Sample may be cooled in a liquid nitrogen bath prior to milling/grinding to increase effectiveness. 样品可在液氮中冷却研磨，以提高有效性。 Ensure particle size of sample is minimized. An apparatus such as a cryogenic mill 冷冻研磨机可被采用，以确保样品研磨到最小粒径。

• 转基因谷物可能会以杂质的形式混入到谷物中，所以要加强对谷物中杂质的转基因检测。特别是口岸检验检疫机构要加强对谷物中杂质的检测。 文章来源：检验检疫科学杂志2006年第一期 文章作者：张舒亚、田凤华、潘良文 研究机构-上海出入境检验疫局、华东理工大学 DNA提取和制备 用冷冻研磨机（美国SPEX公司Freezer/Mill 6850型）将作为参照物质的100％转基因油菜籽RT73种子和供试转基因油菜籽样品分别研碎。

• Croatian Medical Journal CMJ 44(3):259-263,2003 FORENSIC SCIENCES World Trade Center Human Identification Project: Experiences with Individual Body Identification Cases 采用SPEX冷冻研磨机前置处理------ 美国世界贸易中心遭遇9.11恐怖活动之遇难者遗体身分鉴定实验中人体骨骼碎片经清洗干燥后，置于SPEX 6750冷冻研磨仪中进行研磨，所得粉末即用于DNA，提取PCR扩增和序列分析。 实验结果分析如下：因残存骨骼碎片大小不一，有些仅能提取少量或微量DNA，而SPEX系列的冷冻研磨仪能保证样品进行充分研磨，样品均一性好，使得DNA产量得以保障，有利于PCR扩增。其次，个体身分鉴定实验中最关键的是避免样品间的交叉污染，而SPEX6750冷冻研磨仪中的样品瓶都是独立密封的，从而使得样品的完整性得到了完美的保护，确保对重要样品的控制，它能做到准确一致的结果，保证数据的重现性和可靠性。 Zoran M. Budimlija, Mechthild K. Prinz, Amy Zelson-Mundorff, Jason Wiersema1, Eric Bartelink1,Gaille MacKinnon2, Bianca L. Nazzaruolo, Sheila M. Estacio, Michael J. Hennessey3, Robert C.Shaler New York City Office of Chief Medical Examiner, New York, NY, USA; 1Texas A&M University, Department

• Transgenic Res DOI 10.1007/s11248-007-9138-3 e Transgenic maize plants expressing a fungal phytase gene 在文中，作者为了研究不同转基因玉米颗粒中肌醇六磷酸酶的表达水平，采用SPEX Geno 2000同时研磨大量的玉米种子。这样既提高了试验的效率，又确保了数据的准确性和重现性。

• Genomics 89 (2007) 532–540 ScienceDirect www.sciencedirect.com www.elsevier.com/locate/ygeno Method An efficient method for producing an indexed, insertional-mutant library in rice 水稻插入突变体库的有效建立方法—康奈尔大学 在文中，将多个水稻叶片同时在SPEX Geno 2000高通量组织研磨仪内进行研磨，研磨后的样品直接进行DNA提取，可以一次获得大规模的DNA样本。由于采用了高通量研磨仪，可以达到高效建立基因文库的效果。 Chengkun He, Moul Dey, Zhihong Lin, Faping Duan, Fengling Li, Ray Wu Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, 316 Biotechnology Building, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA Received 9 August 2006; accepted 8 November 2006 Available online 16 January 2007

• ELSEVIER ScienceDirect www.elsevier.com/locate/yabio Analytical Biochemistry 368 (2007) 33–38 An assay for thiaminase I in complex biological samples 重组生物样品中硫胺酶I的活性检测-美国康奈尔大学 本实验所涉及的样品（鱼）经干燥后，在SPEX 6850冷冻研磨机内进行研磨，所得粉末即用于酶的提取． Jeremiah W. Hanes a, Clifford E. Kraft b, Tadhg P. Begley a,* a Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA b Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA R eceived 8 November 2006 Available online 7 June 2007 Abstract An alternative method for measuring thiaminase I activity in complex samples is described. This assay is based on the selective consumption of the highly chromophoric 4-nitrothiophenolate by thiaminase I, resulting in a large decrease in absorbance at 411 nm. This new assay is simple and sensitive, and it requires only readily available chemicals and a visible region spectrophotometer. In addition, the assay is optimized for high-throughput analysis in a 96-well format with complex biological samples. Published by Elsevier Inc.

• Genome-Wide Studies of Histone Demethylation Catalysed by the Fission Yeast Homologues of Mammalian LSD1 從基因水平上研究裂殖酵母組蛋白脫甲基酶的作用

Influence of cryogenic grinding on properties of a self-emulsifying formulation 用SPEX冷凍研磨機研究乳化配方性質受低温研磨的影响

Colloid Polym Sci (2004) 282: 381–386 DOI 10.1007/s00396-003-0953-7 Michael Stranz Uwe Koster Irreversible structure change in cryogenic mechanically milled isotactic polypropylene 用SPEX冷凍研磨機研究研磨等规聚丙烯在低溫研磨下之不可逆转的结构变化

• JAAS www.rsc.org/jaas Dario Santos Junior, Fernando Barbosa Junior, Samuel Simiao de Souza and Francisco Jose Krug Cryogenic sample grinding for copper, lead and manganese determination in human teeth by slurry sampling GFAAS 用SPEX冷凍研磨機研磨人类牙齿而後用悬浮液进样石墨炉原子吸收法測試铜、 铅、锰 A simple method is proposed for copper, lead and manganese determination in deciduous teeth by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) using slurry sampling introduction and cryogenic sample preparation. Teeth samples were ground in a cryogenic mill in two steps: pre-cooling (5 min) and cryogenic grinding (2 min) in liquid nitrogen. After grinding, 90% of the sample particles were lower than 150 mm. The minimum mass necessary for slurry preparation as an indicator of sub-sample homogeneity was evaluated by weighting masses between 5 and 20 mg directly in autosampler cups, followed by addition of 1 mL of a solution containing 0.04% Triton1 X-100 and 0.2% v/v HNO3. Samples (20 mL) were sonicated during 20 s, before delivering into a W–Rh coated platform. Detection limits based on integrated absorbance were 34.0 ng g21 Pb, 7.4 ng g21 Mn and 18.0 ng g21 Cu for 2% m/v slurries. W–Rh permanent modifier permitted calibration against aqueous standards. The Certified Reference Material (H-5 animal bone) from the International Agency of Atomic Energy (IAEA) was analyzed to determine lead for method validation. For copper, lead and manganese, 12 human teeth samples were analyzed using the proposed method with calibration against aqueous solution and using a comparative Pd/Mg method with the same digested samples, and standard addition calibration, with no statistical difference at 95% level on applying the t-test. Dario Santos Junior, Fernando Barbosa Junior, Samuel Simiao de Souza and Francisco Jose Krug Cryogenic sample grinding for copper, lead and manganese determination in human teeth by slurry sampling GFAAS 用SPEX冷凍研磨機研磨人类牙齿而後用悬浮液进样石墨炉原子吸收法測試铜、 铅、锰

SPEX 8000系列高能量球磨机的研磨轨迹是独特的三维8字形，所以是现在所有球磨机中能量最高的，最适宜做机械合金和纳米研磨，能够将样品粉末研磨得充分而均匀。目前已有上万台的销售业绩，世界范围内已有将近3000篇使用SPEX 8000系列高能量球磨机做机械合金和纳米研究的文献，证明了使用8000高能量球磨机的权威性和令人信服的能力。

SPEX 8000系列高能量球磨机的研磨轨迹是独特的三维8字形，所以是现在所有球磨机中能量最高的，最适宜做机械合金和纳米研磨，能够将样品粉末研磨得充分而均匀。目前已有上万台的销售业绩，世界范围内已有将近3000篇使用SPEX 8000系列高能量球磨机做机械合金和纳米研究的文献，证明了使用8000高能量球磨机的权威性和令人信服的能力。

本文讨论了采用SPEX公司6750/67770冷冻研磨机对各种塑料和其他合成材料进行研磨，对样品中各种成分进行分析的前处理过程。 研磨聚合物定性和定量分析 在这里所讨论的应用，6750冷冻研磨机適用于人工聚合物研磨（ 丸球狀，织带面料，纺织品等）以及聚合物纱线，羊毛材料，长丝（聚丙烯（ PP ） ，聚乙烯或聚酯） 。磨削需要准确的定性和定量分析中的添加剂合成材料（如抗氧化剂使用高效液相色谱法和石油公司试验） 。此冷冻研磨机是最理想的使用，在相对较短的时间内提供所需的粒径减少。