谷氨酸脱羧酶-65抗体

谷氨酸脱羧酶-65抗体英文名称  Anti-GAD65 

中文名称  谷氨酸脱羧酶-65抗体 

别    名  GAD65; 65 kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase; DCE 2; DCE2; GAD 2; GAD 65; GAD-2; GAD-65; GAD2; Glutamate Decarboxylase 2 (pancreatic islets and brain 65kDa); Glutamate Decarboxylase 2; Glutamate Decarboxylase 65; Glutamate decarboxylase 65 kDa isoform; Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase 2; Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase 65. 

浓    度  1mg/1ml 

规 格  0.1ml/100μg  0.2ml/200μg     

纯化的抗体可通过不同的途径获取，有些谷氨酸脱羧酶-65抗体可通过下述方法制备或从商家购买。从商家购买的抗体，通常附有正确的储存方法。

1）工作液应在4℃下融化并存放，可能稳定达数月。

2）如果没有特殊原因而避免使用叠氮钠，亦可加入叠氮钠，浓度为0．02％。将纯化的抗体样本分装成合适的体积，于-20℃保存。

3）纯化的抗体溶液应以较高的浓度(如lmg／m1)在中性pH下保存。：常用的抗体储存浓度高达l0mg/ml。较低浓度的抗体冻存前应浓缩。所有标准的浓缩方法(如超滤法)，皆可使用。还有一个简单的方法是用蛋白A或蛋白G亲和柱来浓缩溶液。如果纯化的抗体不是用于标记，可将它们以较低浓度储存于加有1％BSA的溶液中。

4）经纯化制备的抗体在常用的缓冲液中是稳定的。其DH应保持在中性左右。如果pH在7-8之间，即使保存多年，对抗体也无损害。多数情况下，盐浓度适于保持在0-150mmol/L之间，但在长期存放的抗体中，盐溶液浓度高达500mmol/L时，对谷氨酸脱羧酶-65抗体能有损害。如果没有其他说明．律议用PBS或50mmol/LTris(DH8．0)溶液长期存放抗体。  

抗体来源  Rabbit  

克隆类型  polyclonal 

交叉反应  Human, Mouse, Rat, Chicken, Pig

产品类型  一抗    

研究领域  免疫学 糖尿病  

蛋白分子量  predicted molecular weight: 65kDa 

性    状  Lyophilized or Liquid 

免 疫 原  KLH conjugated synthetic peptide derived from human GAD65 

亚    型  IgG 

纯化方法  affinity purified by Protein A 

储 存 液  0.01M PBS, pH 7.4 with 10 mg/ml BSA and 0.1% Sodium azide 

产品应用   WB=1:100-500  ELISA=1:500-1000  IP=1:20-100  IHC-P=1:100-500  IHC-F=1:100-500  IF=1:100-500 

（石蜡切片需做抗原修复） 

 not yet tested in other applications.

 optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.  

保存条件  Store at -20 °C for one year. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles. The lyophilized antibody is stable at room temperature for at least one month and for greater than a year when kept at -20°C. When reconstituted in sterile pH 7.4 0.01M PBS or diluent of antibody the antibody is stable for at least two weeks at 2-4 °C. 

Important Note  This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications. 

谷氨酸脱羧酶-65抗体产品介绍 Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase (GAD) catalyzes the conversion of L glutamate to g-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, and a putative paracrine signal molecule in pancreatic islets. GAD has a restricted tissue distribution. It is highly expressed in the cytoplasm of GABAergic neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) and pancreatic beta cells. It is also present in other non-neuronal tissues such as testis, oviduct and ovary. GAD is also transiently expressed in non-GABAergic cells of the embryonic and adult nervous system, suggesting its involvement in development and plasticity. 

GAD exists as two isoforms, GAD65 and GAD67 (molecular masses of 65 and 67 kD, respectively) that are encoded by two different genes. GAD65 is an ampiphilic, membraneanchored protein, (585 amino acid residues) and is encoded on human chromosome 10. GAD67 is a cytoplasmic protein (594 amino acid residues) and is encoded on chromosome 2. There is 64% amino acid identity between the two isoforms, with the highest diversity located at the N terminus, which in GAD65 is required for targeting the enzyme to GABA-containing secretory vesicles. The two isoforms appear to have distinct intraneuronal distribution in the brain. GAD65 has been identified as an autoantigen in insulindependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and stiff-man syndrome (SMS), IDDM is an autoimmune disease that results from T cell mediated destruction of pancreatic insulin-secreting beta cells. Islet-reactive T cells and antibodies primarily to GAD65 (also named beta cell autoantigen) can be detected in peripheral blood of 80% of recent-onset IDD patients and in pre-diabetic high-risk subjects before onset of clinical symptoms. This suggests that GAD may be an important marker in the early stages of the disease. Also, autoantibodies to GAD65 and GAD67 are detected in animal models of IDDM, including the non-obese diabetes (NOD) mouse. In the NOD mouse, T cell reactivity is initially restricted to the C terminal regions of GAD65, but later spreads to other parts of GAD65. Stiff-man syndrome (SMS), a rare disorder of the CNS, is characterized by progressive rigidity of the body musculature with painful spasms, due to impairment of the GABAergic neurotransmission. 

High-titer autoantibodies directed against GAD 65 and GABAergic neurons (nerve terminals) have been detected in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in 60% of patients with the syndrome. Strikingly, many of the SMS patients also developed late-onset IDDM.

Function : Catalyzes the production of GABA.

Subunit : Homodimer.

Subcellular Location : Cytoplasm, cytosol. Cytoplasmic vesicle. Cell junction, synapse, presynaptic cell membrane; Lipid-anchor. Golgi apparatus membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. Note=Associated to cytoplasmic vesicles. In neurons, cytosolic leaflet of Golgi membranes and presynaptic clusters.

Post-translational modifications : Phosphorylated; which does not affect kinetic parameters or subcellular location. 

Palmitoylated; which is required for presynaptic clustering.

Similarity : Belongs to the group II decarboxylase family.

Database links : UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: Q05329.1

谷氨酸脱羧酶-65(GAD65)是用于I II型糖尿病研究的很重要的蛋白。