Analysis of the hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope ratios of beverage waters without prior water extraction using isotope ratio infrared spectroscopy Hydrogen (d2H) and oxygen (d18O) stable isotope analysis is useful when tracing the origin of water in beverages, but traditional analytical techniques are limited to pure or extracted waters. We measured the isotopic composition of extracted beverage water using both isotope ratio infrared spectroscopy (IRIS; specifically, wavelength-scanned cavity ring-down spectroscopy) and isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). We also analyzed beer, sodas, juices, and milk ‘as is’ using IRIS. For IRIS analysis, four sequential injections of each sample were measured and data were corrected for sample-to-sample memory using injections (a) 1-4, (b) 2-4, and (c) 3-4. The variation between d2H and d18O values calculated using the three correction methods was larger for unextracted (i.e., complex) beverages than for waters. The memory correction was smallest when using injections 3-4. Beverage water d2H and d18O values generally fit the Global Meteoric Water Line, with the exception of water from fruit juices. The beverage water stable isotope ratios measured using IRIS agreed well with the IRMS data and fit 1:1 lines, with the exception of sodas and juices (d2H values) and beers (d18O values). The d2H and d18O values of waters extracted from beer, soda, juice, and milk were correlated with complex beverage d2H and d18O values (r¼0.998 and 0.997, respectively) and generally fit 1:1 lines. We conclude that it is possible to analyze complex beverages, without water extraction, using IRIS although caution is needed when analyzing beverages containing sugars, which can clog the syringe and increase memory, or alcohol, a known spectral interference.

Combustion Module-CRDS for δ13C analysis of imported honey and detection of adulteration. A fast screening method of imported honey to test for product adulteration with high fructose corn syrup. Keywords: Material: Honey, high-fructose corn syrup Process: Stable isotopes, δ13C, CM-CRDS

Automated Measurement of δ13C for Identifying and Classifying Edible Oils A fast screening method distinguishes between oils derived from different plant species and can be used to test for product adulteration. In addition, data from the same product (olive oil), harvested in different regions, is presented. Keywords: Material: Edible oils, vegetable oils, olive oil, corn, soybean, sesame Process: Stable isotopes, δ13C, delta-13C

Measuring δ18O and δD for Commercial Apples and Oranges A quick screening method of using stable isotopes to distinguish the true origin and/or composition of natural food and beverage products Keywords: Material: Apples, oranges, apple juice, orange juice, food, cereal, fruit, fruit juice, vegetables, wine, olive oil, honey, food stuffs, petfood, Process: Stable isotopes, δ18O and δD, delta-18O, delta-D

Measuring δ18O and δD for Commercial Apples and Oranges A quick screening method of using stable isotopes to distinguish the true origin and/or composition of natural food and beverage products Keywords: Material: Apples, oranges, apple juice, orange juice, food, cereal, fruit, fruit juice, vegetables, wine, olive oil, honey, food stuffs, petfood, Process: Stable isotopes, δ18O and δD, delta-18O, delta-D