自转公转真空搅拌机　THINKY MIXER　ARV-310/ARV-310LED 能实现均匀搅拌和除去亚微米级气泡的真空标准机型 在自转公转搅拌中，通过加入真空减压功能，从而得以高效清除亚微米级的气泡。通过真空减压下的自转公转运动、不仅能在至今被认为比较困难的高粘度材料的脱气泡中发挥出卓越的性能，而且还能够进一步缩短处理的时间。在操作方面，由于运行中的公转离心力，将材料挤压在容器之内，因此，就好像静止的真空室那样，不需要察看材料是否喷洒。 ARV-310LED是一种专用搅拌机，其能够将自公转比率调整到最佳，以使荧光体等比重较重的材料不发生沉降，能够均匀分散于低粘度的硅胶树脂中。对于荧光体，该机型能够对数g至100g的材料进行分散和脱气泡。 特长同时进行搅拌?分散和清除亚微米级气泡的处理 利用离心分离机能够对难度较大的高粘度材料进行脱气泡处理 同大气压型搅拌机相比，能够缩短处理时间，提高脱气泡的精度 由于公转离心力，在运行中材料不会喷洒 对于荧光体等比重较高的材料，也能在无沉降条件下进行均匀分散?脱气泡处理（ARV-310LED） 静置形式的真空脱泡装置，需要像材料喷出到容器外边不洒一样地工作。 为了真空搅拌机ARV-310/310LED公转离心力对材料起作用，在运行中材料不会喷洒 ■主机外形尺寸／H450×W555×D645（mm） ■主机重量／约90kg ■最大处理量／使用300m?容器时： 大气压时：250ml?250g（净重）250ml?310g（毛重） 真空时：200ml?250g（净重）200ml?310g（毛重） 请申请考试评价　ARV-310LED 还有一种专用机（ARV-310LED），它能使LED用荧光体等高比重粉末不发生沉降而分散于树脂中。该机型的规格不同于ARV-310。

自转公转真空搅拌机　THINKY MIXER　ARV-10kTWIN 该产品为最大处理量20L的批量生产对应机型， 可实现实验室设备级别的性能 采用双容器方式，最大处理量达20L的生产用产品。该机型带有可除去亚微米级气泡的真空减压功能，能够同时进行均匀搅拌以及脱气泡处理。设计上达到了与ARE-310、ARV-310等实验室用产品同等的搅拌性能，因此可维持与实验室相等的材料质量，可不费力地在短时间内实现量产。除此之外，由于标配有自转?公转比可变构造，因而能够根据材料的性质，对参数进行详细的设定。该产品不仅能应用于新材料批量生产的转产上，而且在现有的批量生产工序中，也可以作为一项有助于提高生产效率和材料品质以及改善成本的技术，希望广大用户能够考虑引进。 特长最多可同时处理20L材料的搅拌和脱气泡 利用真空减压构造，实现亚微米级的气泡去除 可直接移植ARE-310、ARV-310（ARV-200）的工艺配比 利用容器固定架内的真空减压构造，可以大大缩短减压和大气开放的时间。 利用自转公转比可变构造，可以针对材料的特性来设定参数 对应于大气压处理，可以处理包含挥发性成分的材料 在运行过程中，材料不会喷溢出来。 采用独自的散热结构，对应于批量生产时的连续运行。 利用接合器可对应各种各样的容器 ■主机外形尺寸／H1050×W1900×D1370（mm）

最大能扩容到500ml的， 对应于生产用途的中型通用机型 从小型机的扩容为目的的中型通用机型。该机型是针对包括生产在内的使用频率较高的现场而开发出来的。它采用了高耐久性的驱动系统，通过将旋转半径的增大效果和自公转比率调节到最佳，从而达到提高搅拌性能的设计，在脱气泡能力上也与小型机型相同。氨基甲酸酯树脂的搅拌?脱气泡和投入悬浊液的均匀搅拌、铝浆调制等、在需要一定程度批处理量的用途上以及均匀分散性存在问题的材料处理中，该机型的使用正在增加。 特长对应于小型机的扩容用途 带有高耐久性驱动系统，能对应于生产现场。 对于最大500ml?1.1kg的材料，能同时进行搅拌?脱气泡处理。 对应于不同容器的多种多样的接合器种类（针筒、管、一次性容器等） 利用保冷、耐热接合器，对应于大多数的材料特性。 带有能够控制运行条件的记忆功能和阶段运行功能。 ■主机外形尺寸／H692×W500×D500（mm） ■主机重量／约95kg ■最大处理量／使用550ml容器时：500ml?1.0kg（净重）500ml?1.1kg（毛重）

自转公转搅拌机　THINKY MIXER　ARE-310 能同时进行高粘度材料的搅拌?分散和脱气泡处理 系列产品中的标准机型 通过400G以上的离心力，对从低粘度至高粘度的各种各样的材料，实现搅拌?分散和脱气泡处理同时进行。另外，该机型装备了能够实现高精度脱气泡的脱气泡运行模式，在因为添加了高粘度黏结剂和填料而造成粘度增加的材料的脱气泡中，也能发挥卓越的性能。通过使用与种种容器相对应的各种接合器，就可以应对大多数的材料和用途。应用于利用少量材料而调制的生产和研究开发用途中。 特长对应材料的范围较广，也对应于高粘度材料和纳米填料。 通过对搅拌和脱气泡这两个模式进行设定，快速实现高粘度材料的分散?脱气泡 通过使用保冷、耐热接合器、与各种材料特性相对应 接液管种类繁多，各种各样容器得以使用 带有能够控制运行条件的记忆功能和阶段运行功能 带有独立的空冷结构 ■主机外形尺寸／H380×W300×D340（mm） ■主机重量／约18kg ■最大处理量／使用300ml容器时：250ml?250g（净重）250ml?310g（毛重）

配备自转公转比可变构造以及双容器方式的最新机型，可实现材料温度的实时监控。 标配自转公转比率可变结构，双容器方式的新产品。可以对500ml/800g（毛重）以下的材料进行搅拌和脱气泡。通过同时应用新开发的使用非接触传感器技术的传感器组件（选购件），能够在运行中实时监控容器内的材料温度，因此，即使是温度管理比较困难的材料，也能够设定并再现最适合的条件。在主机后面标准装配连接PC的连接口（USB TypeB），能够实现参数的设定和检测运转中的旋转数/温度。 特长配置了自转公转独立可变结构 双容器方式，最大处理量为250ml/400g×2（毛重） 可以对高粘度材料（例：粘度为4000Pa s的粘性润滑脂）进行搅拌 可以利用能够实时检测搅拌中的材料温度的传感器组件。 （选购件） 通过与外部PC连接，可以对条件设定和运行中的转动数、材料温度等实时显示（标准装备USB TypeB） 通过外部连接PC，可以进行远程控制（RS485端子 选购件） 对于温度不能上升的材料，可以有效设定条件 ■主机外形尺寸／H560×W460×D480（mm） ■主机重量／约70kg ■最大处理量／使用300ml容器时：250ml/340g×2（净重）250ml/400g×2（毛重）

高效进行少量材料的搅拌/脱气泡 系列产品中的最小机型 对少量材料也能够高效进行搅拌?分散、脱气泡,是开发系列产品中的最小机型。由于采用一次性容器（100ml一次性容器）作为标准容器，免除了清扫环节，因而适用于反复进行初期探讨的研究和开发项目。另外，由于其形体较小，加之对设置场所要求不严的省空间设计，因此，即使是在设备较多而空间有限的大学和研究机关等也被广泛应用。 特长最适于利用少量材料反复进行研究?开发的初期探讨 通过使用一次性的容器，省去了清洁容器的麻烦 带有记忆功能，能够简单地进行搅拌/脱气泡条件的登录 采用滑动式盖子，具有良好的操作性 带有闪光功能，能够在机器运行中通过目视确认容器内的搅拌状态 ■主机外形尺寸／ H328×W250×D250（mm） ■主机重量／约15kg ■最大处理量／使用100ml一次性容器时：50ml/100g（净重）50ml/140g（毛重）

Epithelial tissues maintain a robust architecture which is important for their barrier function, but they are also remodelled through the reorganization of cell–cell contacts. Tissue stability requires intercellular adhesion mediated by E-cadherin, in particular its trans-association in homophilic complexes supported by actin filaments through b- and a-catenin. How a-catenin dynamic interactions between E-cadherin/b-catenin and cortical actin control both stability and remodelling of adhesion is unclear. Here we focus on Drosophila homophilic E-cadherin complexes rather than total E-cadherin, including diffusing ‘free’ E-cadherin, because these complexes are a better proxy for adhesion. We find that E-cadherin complexes partition in very stable microdomains (that is, bona fide adhesive foci which are more stable than remodelling contacts). Furthermore, we find that stability and mobility of these microdomains depend on two actin populations: small, stable actin patches concentrate at homophilic E-cadherin clusters, whereas a rapidly turning over, contractile network constrains their lateral movement by a tethering mechanism. a-Catenin controls epithelial architecture mainly through regulation of the mobility of homophilic clusters and it is largely dispensable for their stability. Uncoupling stability and mobility of E-cadherin complexes suggests that stable epithelia may remodel through the regulated mobility of very stable adhesive foci.

We report on a novel laser source, emitting high energy (20 nanoJoule) femtosecond pulses, in a broad spectrum (250 nanometers). This source is easily tuned from 950 to 1200 nanometers, without any laser adjustment, and delivers sub- 300 femtosecond pulses with a 10 nanometers spectral width.

We report on a flexible multiphoton imaging system, suitable for simultaneous and efficient excitation of red (DsRed), yellow (YFP), green (GFP) and blue (DAPI) fluorophores. We used a simple, compact laser system, consisting of a 1 μm high energy diode-pumped oscillator and a tunable wavelength extension using a photonics crystal fibre. The combination of a near IR excitation wavelength, high energy per pulse for efficient three photon excitation and spectral extension for GFP excitation allows for high flexibility.We present experimental results of simultaneous and efficient imaging fluorophores couples from the UV to the red (DAPI-RFP, GFP-RFP).

We used laser nanodissection to study the nature, magnitude and distribution of forces at cell-cell contacts during tissue morphogenesis in live Drosophila embryos. We designed two set-ups coupling a near infrared femtosecond laser to either an inverted fluorescence microscope or a spinning-disk confocal microscope. We show that the developed tools are able to locally disrupt the acto-myosin network while preserving the integrity of the membranes. With these systems, we could explore the redistribution of cortical elements and relaxation of cell-cell contacts after local ablation.

Second-harmonic generation (SHG) and two-photon excitation fluorescence (TPEF) are relatively new and promising tools for the detailed imaging of biological samples and processes at the microscopic level. By exploiting these nonlinear phenomena phototoxicity and photobleaching effects on the specimens are reduced dramatically. The main target of this work was the development of a compact inexpensive and reliable experimental apparatus for nonlinear microscopy measurements. Femtosecond laser pulses were utilized for excitation. We achieved high-resolution imaging and mapping of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) neurons and muscular structures of the pharynx, at the microscopic level by performing SHG and TPEF measurements. By detecting nonlinear phenomena such as SHG and TPEF it is feasible to extract valuable information concerning the structure and the function of nematode neurons.

Differential Aberration Imaging (DAI) uses a deformable mirror to improve two-photon fluorescence microscopy by enhancing rejection of out-of-focus background from scattering. We report a new implementation of DAI using a Modulating Retroreflector Mirror.

Nanosensors have a strong potential in biology sensing. Indeed nanocrystals contains much more dyes than a latex of similar volume. In a crystal the excited state can be trapped by a local reorganization of the lattice or diffuse among the molecules. The first type of crystal give labels whereas the second type gives sensors.

In this study, we use combined two-photon excitation fluorescence (TPEF), second-harmonic generation (SHG) and third-harmonic generation (THG) measurements to image cellular structures of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, in vivo.Toourknowledge, this is the first time thataTHGmodality is employed to image live C. elegans specimens. Femtosecond laser pulses (1028 nm) were utilized for excitation. Detailed and specific structural and anatomical features can be visualized, by recording THG signals. Thus, the combination of three image-contrast modes (TPEF-SHG-THG) in a single instrument has the potential to provide unique and complementary information about the structure and function of tissues and individual cells of live biological specimens.

We have applied a new, 1030 nm wavelength, infrared diode-pumped femtosecond laser source to multiphoton microscopy, and present comparative results on the efficiency of fluorescence generation versus wavelength for several fluorophores. It is shown that an emission wavelength of 1030 nm is optimal both for GFP and DsRed excitation.

Most excitatory synapses terminate on dendritic spines. Spines vary in size, and their volumes are proportional to the area of the postsynaptic density (PSD) and synaptic strength. PSD-95 is an abundant multi-domain postsynaptic scaffolding protein that clusters glutamate receptors and organizes the associated signaling complexes. PSD-95 is thought to determine the size and strength of synapses. Although spines and their synapses can persist for months in vivo, PSD-95 and other PSD proteins have shorter half-lives in vitro, on the order of hours. To probe the mechanisms underlying synapse stability, we measured the dynamics of synaptic PSD-95 clusters in vivo. Using two-photon microscopy, we imaged PSD-95 tagged with GFP in layer 2/3 dendrites in the developing (postnatal day 10–21) barrel cortex. A subset of PSD-95 clusters was stable for days. Using two-photon photoactivation of PSD-95 tagged with photoactivatable GFP (paGFP), we measured the time over which PSD-95 molecules were retained in individual spines. Synaptic PSD-95 turned over rapidly (median retention times sr ; 22–63 min from P10–P21) and exchanged with PSD- 95 in neighboring spines by diffusion. PSDs therefore share a dynamic pool of PSD-95. Large PSDs in large spines captured more diffusing PSD-95 and also retained PSD-95 longer than small PSDs. Changes in the sizes of individual PSDs over days were associated with concomitant changes in PSD-95 retention times. Furthermore, retention times increased with developmental age (sr ; 100 min at postnatal day 70) and decreased dramatically following sensory deprivation. Our data suggest that individual PSDs compete for PSD-95 and that the kinetic interactions between PSD molecules and PSDs are tuned to regulate PSD size.

We demonstrate a directly diode-pumped Yb:KYW femtosecond laser amplifier with > 1 mJ pulse energy and pulse repetition rates higher than 5 kHz. The pulse duration was 480 fs and the M² better than 1.2.

高斯光束转平顶器件在太阳能电池工艺中的应用的优势包括：在各种太阳能电池工艺中提升产品质量和效率。可以实现各种光斑形状，如：长方形、正方形、线形。输出光斑从50umx50um至10x10mm，工作距离从50-500mm，均匀性可达95%以上。

高速印刷是大功率半导体激光器另一个有较大发展空间的应用领域，传统的印刷主要采用卤素灯光源，不仅不利于环境保护，也不适用现代的高分辨率图象的印刷，半导体激光器由于其价格及性能和可靠性方面的诸多优势，使得其会在传统的印刷业得到广泛应用。该类高功率半导体激光器可以满足大面积高分辨率图象的高速印刷，同时降低了印刷设备对光学系统及机械系统的精度要求。

大功率二极管阵列激光器也可直接应用于一些军事需求。例如半导体激光经过光束匀化、圆化处理可有效改善微光系统在黑暗情况下的视距，使其用于激光照明，这是高功率半导体激光器的一个较有意义的应用方向，它主要吸收了半导体激光器体积小、效率高、驱动简单、可靠性好的优点。另外，脉冲型阵列大功率半导体激光器可以在激光引信(脉冲型高峰值功率阵列半导体激光器)、激光测距(半导体激光器可直接应用于～1km短距离激光测距)、激光通信(脉冲型半导体激光器可用于战场上的敌我识别通信)等方面获得军事应用。

光纤耦合输出的高功率半导体激光器可应用于微加工、聚合物粘合、切割及烧结。采用半导体激光器进行金属/陶瓷的熔融烧结可以用于许多复杂、精密零件的快速制造，以取代目前的蜡/塑料模型工艺。对千瓦级的功率需求，DPSSL可满足多数大型工件的工业焊接。直接采用高峰值功率的准连续半导体激光器及适当的光束整形技术可获得105 Wcm-2的功率密度，能够应用于金属表面的熔融整平。

随着大功率半导体激光器制备技术的不断提高和价格的下降，材料处理与加工必然会成为大功率半导体激光器的最大应用市场。在瓦级至百瓦级CW输出功率的需求范围内，大功率半导体激光器可以取代传统的加工手段，直接应用于材料的微区热处理、精密焊接，甚至可与较为昂贵的Nd:YAG激光器形成市场竞争。光纤耦合输出的高功率半导体激光器可应用于微加工、聚合物粘合、切割及烧结。采用半导体激光器进行金属/陶瓷的熔融烧结可以用于许多复杂、精密零件的快速制造，以取代目前的蜡/塑料模型工艺。对千瓦级的功率需求，DPSSL可满足多数大型工件的工业焊接。直接采用高峰值功率的准连续半导体激光器及适当的光束整形技术可获得105 Wcm-2的功率密度，能够应用于金属表面的熔融整平。

半导体激光器具有体积小巧、结构简单、价格便宜、转换效率高、工作寿命长等优点,随着其波长范围的不断扩展、输出功率的日益提高,其在医疗上的应用引人瞩目.本文详细介绍半导体激光器在眼、外、牙、美容、口腔、耳鼻喉、肿瘤以及针灸理疗科等方面的应用及发展现状,并对其发展前景做出了展望.

To a stirred solution of triethyleneglycol monomethyl ether (9.5 mL, 61 mmol) at 0°C in dry dichloromethane (15 mL) and pyridine (3.5 mL), phosphorous tribromide (3.8 mL, 41 mmol) was added. The solution was allowed to stir at room temperature 16 h. The mixture was filtered through Whatman filter paper, extracted with 100 mL aqueous saturated sodium carbonate solution, 50 mL 5% sulfuric acid, and deionized water twice. The organic phase was dried over MgSO4, filtered through cotton and dried to yield the yellow crude product 1.

We present a quantitative study on the fabrication of microlenses using a low-cost polymer dispending technique. Our method is based on the use of a silicon micro-cantilever robotized spotter system. We first give a detailed description of the technique. In a second part, the fabricated microlenses are fully characterized by means of SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope), AFM (Atomic Force Microscopy) non contact optical profilometry and Mach-Zehnder interferometry. Diameters in the range [25- 130μm] are obtained with an average surface roughness of 2.02nm. Curvature radii, focal lengths as well as aberrations are also measured for the first time: the fabricated microlenses present focal lengths in the range [55-181μm] and exhibit high optical quality only limited by diffraction behaviour with RMS aberration lower than λ/14.

We studied the electrical conductivity of DNA molecules with conducting atomic force microscopy as a function of the chemical nature of the substrate surfaces, the nature of the electrical contact, and the number of DNA molecules (from a few molecules, to ropes and large fibers containing up to ~ 106 molecules). Independent of the chemical nature of the surface (hydrophobic or hydrophilic, electrically neutral or charged), we find that DNA is highly resistive. From a large number of current-voltage curves measured at several distance along the DNA, we estimate a conductivity of about 10-6-10-5 S·cm-1 per DNA molecule. For single DNA molecules, this highly resistive behavior is correlated with its flattened conformation on the surface (reduced thickness, ~0.5-1.5 nm, compared to its nominal value, ~2.4 nm). We find that intercalating an organic semiconductor buffer film between the DNA and the metal electrode improves the reliability of the contact, while direct metal evaporation usually destroys the DNA and prevents any current measurements. After long exposure under vacuum or dry nitrogen, the conductivity strongly decreases, leading to the conclusion that water molecules and ions in the hydration shell of the DNA play a major role.

Flip-chip underfilling is a technology by which silica-filled epoxy resin is used to fill the micro-cavity between a silicon chip and a substrate, by dispensing the liquid encapsulant at elevated temperatures along the periphery of one or two sides of the chip and then allowing capillary action to draw the material into the gap. Since the chip, underfill material, and substrate solidify together as one unit, thermal stresses on solder joints during the temperature cycling (which are caused by a mismatch in the coefficients of thermal expansion between the silicon chip and the organic substrate) can be redistributed and transferred away from the fragile bump zone to a more strain-tolerant region. Modeling of the flow behaviour of a fluid in the underfill process is the key to this technology. One of the most important drawbacks in the existing models is inadequate treatment of non-Newtonian fluids in the underfill process in the development of both analytical models and numerical models. Another important drawback is the neglect of the presence of solder bumps in the existing analytical models.

We have studied the electronic properties, in relation to their structural properties, of monolayers of 1-octadecene attached on a hydrogen-terminated (111) silicon surface. The molecules are attached using the free-radical reaction between C=C and Si-H activated by an ultraviolet illumination. We have compared the structural and electrical properties of monolayers formed on silicon substrate of different types (n-type and p-type) and different doping concentrations from low-doped (~1014 cm-3) to highly doped (~1019 cm-3) silicon substrates. We show that the monolayers on n-, p- and p+-silicon are densely packed and that they act as very good insulating films at a nanometer thickness with leakage currents as low as ~10-7 A.cm-2 and high quality capacitance-voltage characteristics. The monolayers formed on n+-type silicon are more disordered and therefore exhibit larger leakage current densities (>10-4 A.cm-2) when embedded in a silicon/monolayer/metal junction. The inferior structural and electronic properties obtained with n+-type silicon pinpoint the important role of surface potential and of the position of the surface Fermi level during the chemisorption of the organic monolayers.

We used covalent attachments to single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) to fabricate singlemolecule electronic devices. The technique does not rely on submicrometer lithography or precision mechanical manipulation, but instead uses circuit conductance to monitor and control covalent attachment to an electrically connected SWNT. Discrete changes in the circuit conductance revealed chemical processes happening in real time and allowed the SWNT sidewalls to be deterministically broken, reformed, and conjugated to target species. By controlling the chemistry through electronically controlled electrochemical potentials, we were able to achieve single chemical attachments. We routinely functionalized pristine, defect-free SWNTs at one, two, or more sites and demonstrated three-terminal devices in which a single attachment controls the electronic response.

In this research, we investigated the electrochemical behavior of copper (Cu) surfaces during chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP) with alumina containing slurries. The variation of pH and the percent of oxidizer were tested against impressed anodic and cathodic potentials. The polarization curves as well as potential and current values were measured in order to investigate the effects of electrochemical interactions during polishing. The polishing performance was evaluated through friction, wear, and surface quality. Surface characterization was conducted using an atomic force microscope. The areas scanned contained surfaces having different post-CMP surface chemistry. In such, the electrochemical, chemical, and mechanical action could be revealed and compared in situ and simultaneously. Research results showed that in acidic environment, the low pH dominated the surface roughness over oxidizer and anodic current. At high pH, however, oxidizer and anodic current played important roles. As a result, an optimized polishing condition was proposed.