Gliomas are invasive brain tumors with high rates of recurrence and mortality. One of the main directions of diagnostics and treatment of malignant tumors is investigation of the reasons of formation and the routes of the generation of cancer molecular markers for the elaboration of new methods of early diagnostics and therapy. Glioma molecular markers are found in brain tissues and body fluids and can be divided into: circulating tumor cells, extracellular vesicles, circulating tumor nucleic acids, proteins and metabolites. The determination of molecular markers in body fluids (plasma, serum, urine, saliva, CSF) has great potential for early diagnosis of gliomas and non-invasive/minimally invasive control of treatment. Glioma molecular markers have unique THz resonances, which prove the feasibility of using THz spectroscopy to diagnosis of gliomas. It has been recently shown that one of specific markers for glioma differential diagnostics are enantiomers of 2-hydroxyglutarate (L-2HG and D-2HG) in brain tissues and blood. The paper presents the results of a study of the most probable glioma molecular markers by the terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. The work was supported by the RFBR and National Natural Science Foundation of China, research project № 19-52-55004.