Nature Climate Change叶乃好：NMT钙流为气候变化导致冰藻运动能力下降提供信号调节证据

NMT作为生命科学底层核心技术，是建立活体创新科研平台的必备技术。2005年~2020年，NMT已扎根中国15年。2020年，中国NMT销往瑞士苏黎世大学，正式打开欧洲市场。

研究使用平台：NMT微藻创新科研平台

期刊：Nature Climate Change

主题：NMT钙流为气候变化导致冰藻运动能力下降提供信号调节证据

标题：Decreased motility of flagellated microalgae

long-term acclimated to CO2-induced acidified waters

影响因子：21.72

检测指标：Ca2+流速

检测样品：极地冰藻

Ca²⁺流实验处理方法：

极地冰藻在280、400、700、1,000、1,500和2,000 ppm的CO₂浓度环境下，传代培养5年

Ca²⁺流实验测试液成份：

0.2 mM CaCl₂, 360 mM NaCl, 2.0 mM NaHCO₃, 8.0 mM KCl, 0.1 mM Na₂SO₄, 0.05 mM H₃BO₃, 0.5 mM NH₄NO₃, 2.0 mM Tris

作者：中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所叶乃好、王依涛

中文摘要（谷歌机翻）

运动在藻类的生存和繁殖中起着至关重要的作用，对水生生态系统的稳定性具有重要意义。但是，尚不清楚二氧化碳浓度升高对海洋，咸淡水和淡水藻类运动的影响。

在这里，我们使用实验室的微尺度和中尺度尺度的实验表明，三种典型的浮游植物物种随着二氧化碳的增加而运动性降低。极地海洋Microglena sp.，欧洲盐藻杜氏盐藻和淡水莱茵衣藻在不同二氧化碳浓度下生长了5年。长期适应的Microglena sp。在所有处理中均显示出显着降低的光反应，并且有憎光反应影响细胞内钙浓度。

调节鞭毛运动的基因被显着下调（P<0.05），同时鞭毛脱落的基因表达也显着增加（P<0.05）。D. salina和C. reinhardtii表现出相似的结果，表明活力变化在鞭毛物种中很常见。

由于鞭毛的结构和弯曲机制从单细胞生物到脊椎动物都是保守的，这些结果表明增加的地表水二氧化碳浓度可能影响从藻类到鱼类的鞭毛细胞。

The mean flux of Ca²⁺ under different pCO₂ I scenarios. Mean ± s.d. values per experimental assay are given (n = 3). Upper, Ca²⁺ efflux under positive phototaxis. Lower, Ca²⁺ influx under negative phototaxis. ‘?’ on the vertical scale means Ca²⁺ entry. LC4, flagellar outer dynein arm light chain 4; DC3, outer dynein arm docking complex protein 3; IC138, arm dynein; RSP, radial spoke protein; PF20, a protein of the central pair apparatus; PKA, cAMP-dependent protein kinase; PP2A, protein phosphatase 2A; CK1, casein kinase  DIP13/NA14, deflagellation inducible protein; DNAAF3/PF22, axonemal dynein assembly factor. Mean ± s.d. values per experimental assay are given (n = 3). Different letters (a–c) in  panel indicate significant differences (P < 0.05) among treatments.

英文摘要

Motility plays a critical role in algal survival and reproduction, with implications for aquatic ecosystem stability. However, the effect of elevated CO₂ on marine, brackish and freshwater algal motility is unclear.

Here we show, using laboratory microscale and field mesoscale experiments, that three typical phytoplankton species had decreased motility with increased CO₂. Polar marine Microglena sp., euryhaline Dunaliella salina and freshwater Chlamydomonas reinhardtii were grown under different CO₂ concentrations for 5 years. Long-term acclimated Microglena sp. showed substantially decreased photo-responses in all treatments, with a photophobic reaction affecting intracellular calcium concentration.

Genes regulating flagellar movement were significantly downregulated (P < 0.05), alongside a significant increase in gene expression for flagellar shedding (P < 0.05). D. salina and C. reinhardtii showed similar results, suggesting that motility changes are common across flagellated species.

As the flagella structure and bending mechanism are conserved from unicellular organisms to vertebrates, these results suggest that increasing surface water CO₂ concentrations may affect flagellated cells from algae to fish.