HLA Class II DR4抗体
产品编号 LM17539R
英文名称 HLA Class II DR4
中文名称 HLA Class II DR4抗体
研究领域 细胞生物 免疫学
抗体来源 Rabbit
克隆类型 Polyclonal
交叉反应 Human, Monkey,
产品应用 WB=1:500-2000 ELISA=1:500-1000 IHC-P=1:400-800 IHC-F=1:400-800 ICC=1:100-500 IF=1:100-500 (石蜡切片需做抗原修复)
not yet tested in other applications.
optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
分 子 量 26kDa
细胞定位 细胞膜
性 状 Lyophilized or Liquid
浓 度 1mg/ml
免 疫 原 KLH conjugated synthetic peptide derived from human HLA Class II DR4:61-160/254 <Extracellular>
亚 型 IgG
纯化方法 affinity purified by Protein A
储 存 液 0.01M TBS(pH7.4) with 1% BSA, 0.03% Proclin300 and 50% Glycerol.
保存条件 Store at -20 °C for one year. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles. The lyophilized antibody is stable at room temperature for at least one month and for greater than a year when kept at -20°C. When reconstituted in sterile pH 7.4 0.01M PBS or diluent of antibody the antibody is stable for at least two weeks at 2-4 °C.
PubMed PubMed
产品介绍 HLA-DRB1 belongs to the HLA class II beta chain paralogs. The class II molecule is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha (DRA) and a beta chain (DRB), both anchored in the membrane. It plays a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from extracellular proteins. Class II molecules are expressed in antigen presenting cells (APC: B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages). The beta chain is approximately 26-28 kDa. It is encoded by 6 exons. Exon one encodes the leader peptide; exons 2 and 3 encode the two extracellular domains; exon 4 encodes the transmembrane domain; and exon 5 encodes the cytoplasmic tail. Within the DR molecule the beta chain contains all the polymorphisms specifying the peptide binding specificities. Hundreds of DRB1 alleles have been described and typing for these polymorphisms is routinely done for bone marrow and kidney transplantation. DRB1 is expressed at a level five times higher than its paralogs DRB3, DRB4 and DRB5. DRB1 is present in all individuals. Allelic variants of DRB1 are linked with either none or one of the genes DRB3, DRB4 and DRB5. There are 4 related pseudogenes: DRB2, DRB6, DRB7, DRB8 and DRB9. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
抗原与抗体的关系
①抗体和相应的抗原结合后,可以促进白细胞的吞噬作用而将抗原消除,使抗原失去致病作用。
②一种抗体只能抵抗一种抗原,而且一种抗体只能受相应的抗原刺激后才能形成。
免疫的功能:
免疫具有三方面的功能:
①防御功能:抵抗抗原的侵入、防止疾病的产生。
②自我稳定:清除体内衰老、死亡和损伤的细胞。
③免疫监视:监视、识别和清除体内产生的异常细胞。
特别提醒:过敏反应:当人体抵抗抗原侵入的功能过强时,在过敏原(引起过敏反应的物质,如某些食物、药物)的刺激下,人体就会发生过敏反应。
1.抗体名称容易出错
抗体一般以抗原来命名,名称核对时最简单也最容易犯错,有些蛋白质有不同亚基(HIF-1α、HIF-1β);有些蛋白质有不同磷酸化状态,例如EGFR和p-EGFR的区别,等等。
除了蛋白质的名称外,有其他后缀。
2.多抗和单抗不同
单抗上面介绍过了,而多抗(polyclonal antibodies)一般用兔子、山羊等大型动物,因为多抗是直接从血液中纯化提取出来的,而不像单抗是用细胞培养出来的。
单克隆抗体的优点是产量持续稳定、特异性较高、但灵敏度不如多抗。如果对抗体的特异性要求高,用量较大或需要长期使用一致的抗体,制备的抗体应用要求多(WB/IP/IF/ICC等),可以选择单克隆抗体。
多抗的特异性较差,存在批间差(因为兔子的血被放光挂掉了,而山羊可以常年养着,放点血出来,在养几天再放血,好残忍),易造成背景,例如在WB中有杂带,在IHC中背景较深等等。但由于多抗识别多个抗原表位,对于丰度偏低的蛋白也更容易检出。