布氏硬度测试方法和原理/双语

布氏硬度测试

布式硬度测试是现今常用的硬度测试法中最古老的方法，此测试方法于1900年由瑞典工程师Johan August Brinell提出，广泛应用于判定铸造件和锻造件的硬度，因为铸造件和锻造件的晶粒结构太粗糙而很难进行准确的洛氏和维氏测试。

布氏硬度测试条件具有大约25种不同的试验力/球压头的组合，对于几乎所有的金属，仅需球压头尺寸与试验力，即可对其进行布氏硬度测试。只要球压头尺寸与试验力的比值保持不变，理论上布氏测量结果保持一致。

通常布氏硬度测试结果在工业中广泛地用作商业运输验收依据和质量控制。测试结果可能与金属本身的特性相关，如：延展性，拉伸强度和耐磨性等。

布氏硬度测试是一种压痕硬度测试，其包含了两个步骤。

首先，以一定的试验力将一定直径的压头垂直地压入试样表面，将试验力保持一段时间，然后卸载。

其次，测量至少两条相互垂直的压痕直径，然后由压痕直径的平均值以及运用特定的计算公式或基于此公式得出的图表来算出布氏硬度值。

轶诺的NEXUS3100， 3001， 3200， 3300， 3400， 8100， 9603B系列的布氏硬度计由力传感器闭环控制；均由轶诺的研发中心所研发，设计，并完成耐久测试。

BRINELL HARDNESS TESTER

The Brinell hardness tester uses the oldest method of hardness testing commonly used today. It was invented in Sweden by Dr. Johan August Brinell in 1900. This test is often used to determine the hardness of castings and forgings whose grain structure is too course for accurate Rockwell or Vickers testing.

Brinell hardness test conditions have approximately 25 different load/ ball combinations of testing allowing almost all metals able to be tested by way of Brinell test by simply varying the ball size and test force based on the sample’s dimension and design. In some cases, as long as the ball size to test force ratio remains constant, the results are considered accurate when changing between Brinell test conditions.

Results from the Brinell Hardness tester are used extensively in industry as a basis of acceptance of commercial shipments, and for quality control purposes . These results may correlate with other metallic characteristics such as: ductility, tensile strength, wear resistance, etc. Our Brinell hardness testers are able to withstand the most hars environments, if required with an air filtration system to protect the interior against dust.

BRINELL HARDNESS TESTING STEPS

The Brinell test can be simply explained as an indentation hardness test consisting of two basic steps.

Step one: Using A known indenter and a known force; apply the known force through the known indenter perpendicular to the material under test and hold the know force for specified amount of time(dwell).

Step two: Measure the diameter of the resulting indentation in at least two directions perpendicular to each other. The Brinell hardness value is then computed from the mean of the diameter measurements by the use of a mathematical formula designed for this purpose, or more frequently from a chart based on the formula.