抗体来源 Rabbit
克隆类型 polyclonal
交叉反应 Human, Mouse, Rat, Chicken, Pig, Cow, Horse, Rabbit
产品类型 一抗
研究领域 肿瘤 细胞生物 免疫学 信号转导 细胞凋亡 转录调节因子
蛋白分子量 predicted molecular weight: 116kDa
性 状 Lyophilized or Liquid
免 疫 原 KLH conjugated synthetic peptide derived from human ATG1/ULK1
亚 型 IgG
纯化方法 affinity purified by Protein A
储 存 液 0.01M PBS, pH 7.4 with 10 mg/ml BSA and 0.1% Sodium azide
产品应用 WB=1:100-500 ELISA=1:500-1000 IP=1:20-100 IHC-P=1:100-500 IHC-F=1:100-500 IF=1:100-500
（石蜡切片需做抗原修复）
not yet tested in other applications.
optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
保存条件 Store at -20 °C for one year. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles. The lyophilized antibody is stable at room temperature for at least one month and for greater than a year when kept at -20°C. When reconstituted in sterile pH 7.4 0.01M PBS or diluent of antibody the antibody is stable for at least two weeks at 2-4 °C.
Important Note This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
自噬相关蛋白1抗体产品介绍 ULK1 belongs to the serine/threonine protein kinase family. It is involved in axon growth and plays an essential role in neurite branching during sensory axon outgrowth. Knockdown of ULK1 results in impaired endocytosis of nerve growth factor (NGF), excessive axon arborization, and severely stunted axon elongation indicating that ULK1 mediates a non clathrin coated endocytosis in sensory growth cones. Knockdown of ULK1 also inhibits the autophagic response. It appears to act as a convergence point for multiple signals that regulate autophagy, and in turn interacts with a large number of autophagy related (Atg) proteins.
Function : Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in autophagy in response to starvation. Acts upstream of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase PIK3C3 to regulate the formation of autophagophores, the precursors of autophagosomes. Part of regulatory feedback loops in autophagy: acts both as a downstream effector and negative regulator of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) via interaction with RPTOR. Activated via phosphorylation by AMPK and also acts as a regulator of AMPK by mediating phosphorylation of AMPK subunits PRKAA1, PRKAB2 and PRKAG1, leading to negatively regulate AMPK activity. May phosphorylate ATG13/KIAA0652 and RPTOR; however such data need additional evidences. Plays a role early in neuronal differentiation and is required for granule cell axon formation.
Subunit : Interacts with GABARAP and GABARAPL2. Interacts (via C-terminus) with ATG13/KIAA0652. Part of a complex consisting of ATG13/KIAA0652, ULK1 and RB1CC1. Associates with the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) through an interaction with RPTOR; the association depends on nutrient conditions and is reduced during starvation.
Subcellular Location : Cytoplasm, cytosol. Preautophagosomal structure. Note=Under starvation conditions, is localized to puncate structures primarily representing the isolation membrane that sequesters a portion of the cytoplasm resulting in the formation of an autophagosome.
Tissue Specificity : Ubiquitously expressed. Detected in the following adult tissues: skeletal muscle, heart, pancreas, brain, placenta, liver, kidney, and lung.
Post-translational modifications : Autophosphorylated. Phosphorylated under nutrient-rich conditions; dephosphorylated during starvation or following treatment with rapamycin. Under nutrient sufficiency phosphorylated by MTOR/mTOR, disrupting the interaction with AMPK and preventing activation of ULK1 (By similarity). In response to nutrient limitation, phosphorylated and activated by AMPK, leading to activate autophagy.
Similarity : Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. APG1/unc-51/ULK1 subfamily.
Contains 1 protein kinase domain.
Database links : UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: O75385.2
Atg1是一种丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶。Atg1的激脢活性是CVT信号传导通路以及細胞自噬所必須的。Atg1可以和一些执行细胞自噬的蛋白相互作用，而且有很多调控細胞自噬的信号传导通路汇集在Atg1。因此Atg1可能是一个可以调控細胞自噬很多步驟的一个调节关键点。但在较高等的真核生物中，Atg1的角色仍然不是很清楚。通过目前的研究已经比较了解细胞自噬可以导致细胞的死亡，但是如何导致死亡的分子机制还不清楚，有待于进一步研究。
纯度：在实验的任何阶段，确定抗体溶液纯度的最简单方法是取一部分样本进行SDS-PAGE电泳。凝胶可用考马斯亮蓝染色(灵敏度为0.1—0.5ug/带)或银染(灵敏度1～l0ug/带)。
定量：如果抗体还不纯，有一个快捷的定量方法，即通过SDS-PAGE电泳分离出轻、重链，然后和已知的标准染色带比较。如果需要分析许多样本，用免疫测定法对抗体定量较容易。如果抗体是经过纯化的，可通过测蛋白总量代替上述两种方法，有一简单的方法，即紫外吸收法。自噬相关蛋白1抗体的量可通过测280nm处的吸收值来测(10D大致相当于0.75mg/m1的纯化抗体)。
抗原结合活性：一般说来，纯化方法不会引起抗原结合活性的改变。用蛋白G或蛋白A树脂很少导致抗体活性丧失。然而，如果最终抗体产物的作用不如原来所预料的好，检测抗体纯化过程所丢失的活性就极为重要。用一系列滴定法比较纯化的抗体和其原材料的活性，以标定每一步中的总抗体量，这将有助于较好的估计通过纯化所丢失的活性。
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