安东帕康塔全自动程序升温化学吸附仪

催化剂的评价技术：程序升温还原

TPR技术在催化领域的应用主要是用于提供负载型金属催化剂在还原过程中金属氧化物之间或者金属氧化物与载体之间相互作用的信息。

安东帕康塔吸附等温线分类

在1985年，IUPAC建议物理吸附等温线分为六种类型。然而，经过30年的发展，各种新的特征类型等温线已经出现，并证明了与其密切相关的特定孔结构。所以，于2015年，IUPAC更新了原有的分类。新规范的主要变化是I类、IV类吸附等温线增加了亚分类，用孔宽代替了孔径。所提出的新的物理吸附等温线分类如下图。

Low Surface Area Analysis by Krypton Adsorption at 77 K

Measurement of very low surface area samples by manometric (volumetric) adsorption experiments using traditional nitrogen (77 K) or argon (87 K) is limited by the detection limits of even the best instrumentation. The recommended alternative is krypton adsorption at liquid nitrogen temperature (77 K), which improves the detection limit significantly and allows one to determine absolute surface areas down to 0.05 m2 or less.

Food characterization

Food powder formulation, manufacturing, and packaging processes require batch-to-batch consistency to ensure consumer safety and loyalty. Insights derived from experimentation using Anton Paar instruments that determine the density, particle size, cohesion strength, compressibility, and permeability can contribute to food powder quality and consistency. This application report focuses on milk powder and all-purpose flour because they are ubiquitous products on their own and crucial ingredients in many other food products and nutritional supplements.

Micropore Size Analysis of Porous Carbons Using CO2 Adsorption at 273.15 K (0 °C)

Activated carbons in the form of fibers, pellets, granules, and powders are used in air filters, water purification systems, for removing organic impurities from various solutions, as well as in a variety of medical, environmental, and agricultural applications. These highly microporous, high surface area materials are often characterized by their apparent BET surface area and their pore size distribution (PSD). Measuring the PSD of microporous samples using nitrogen or argon adsorption is a slow process, requiring very low vacuum levels that require an expensive turbomolecular pump. Alternatively the PSD can be determined quickly using carbon dioxide at 0°C, at higher pressures than using nitrogen or argon, thus increasing throughput and reducing the equipment cost.

Krypton Gas Adsorption for Thin Film Pore Size Analysis

Pore size distributions on thin films can be obtained using Krypton adsorption at 87 K. The pore size distributions are calculated using a calibrated method that is traceable to NLDFT. Silica and titania thin film measurements and corresponding pore size distributions at 87 K using Kr are discussed.

Characteriza BET area of a Microporous Materials

How to Appropriately Characterize the BET Area of a Microporous Material

Pharma

Granulation and Drying: the Choice of Excipients Matters