简介:The infrared spectrum of a mixture serves as the basis
to quantitate its constituents, and a number of common
clinical chemistry tests have proven to be feasible using this
approach. This article reviews the infrared 简介:The infrared spectrum of a mixture serves as the basis
to quantitate its constituents, and a number of common
clinical chemistry tests have proven to be feasible using this
approach. This article reviews the infrared spectroscopybased
analytical methods that have been developed for
consideration as clinical assays, including serum analysis,
urine analysis, amniotic fluid assays for the estimation of
fetal lung maturity, and others. Because of the widespread
interest in the potential for in vivo measurement of
blood glucose using near-infrared spectroscopy, a separate
section is devoted to the analysis of glucose in whole
blood.
A related technique uses the infrared spectrum of
biomedical specimens directly as a diagnostic tool. For
example, the spectra of serum and of synovial fluid have
proven to be useful in the diagnosis of metabolic disorders
and arthritis, respectively, without explicitly recovering
their chemical composition from the spectra. Rather,
characteristic spectral features and patterns have been
identified as the basis to distinguish spectra corresponding
to healthy patients from those corresponding to diseased
patients. These applications are reviewed here.
Issues such as ease of use, speed, reliability, sample size,
and calibration stability all play important roles in governing
the practical acceptability of infrared spectroscopybased
analytical methods. To provide a framework to
illustrate these issues, descriptions are included for the various
procedures that have been explored to wed successfully
infrared spectroscopy to clinical chemistry.详细>