在XRD衍射仪中X光管产生的X射线检测样品的深度一般是多少?

The depth for X-ray penetration is only dependent on X-ray wavelength and material composition

Prove:
I = I0 X exp(-ux), where u is linear absorption coeff., x is the sample thickness, I0 is the beam intensitiy, I is the transmission intensity.

figure:
----> I0  IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII -----> I
                      x

suppose: X-ray passes a material and reduces the amount of transmitted X-ray intensity by half.

1/2 x I0 = I0 x exp ( -u x)
--> ln1 - ln2 = -ux, ln1 = 0, ln2 = 0.693,
therefore,
x = 0.693/u

you can check the u value on some websites which is only depdent on the wavelength, then you can calculate the sample thickness and the intensitiy transmitted.